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Working Papers

The Financial Returns to Low-Income Homeownership

Eric Belsky, Nicolas Retsinas, Mark Duda • September 9, 2005

W05-9: Efforts to promote low-income homeownership have intensified over the past ten years. Under both regulatory and market pressures, the mortgage finance industry…
Working Papers

Past Accomplishments and Future Regulatory Challenges

William Apgar, Mark Duda • March 30, 2002

The U.S. Congress passed the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) in 1977 to encourage depository institutions to meet the credit needs of lower income neighborhoods. The CRA was…
Research Notes

Remodeling Spending in Major Metropolitan Areas

Julia Reade • September 1, 2001

This paper is the first to give a detailed account of the variation of behavior across a large set of U.S. locations. Aside from a few articles that use simple variables to…
Working Papers

Federally Sponsored Rehabilitation Activity

Mark Duda • July 30, 2001

W01-8: Each year the federal government spends approximately $6 billion to rehabilitate the housing stock, which leverages a similar amount of spending from the private…
Working Papers

Residential Conversions

Julia Reade, Zhu Xiao Di • August 5, 2000

W00-5: The stock of residential units in the United States is constantly changing as units are added, demolished, or converted. This paper looks at the conversion of…