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Working Papers

The Financial Returns to Low-Income Homeownership

Eric Belsky, Nicolas Retsinas, Mark Duda • September 9, 2005

W05-9: Efforts to promote low-income homeownership have intensified over the past ten years. Under both regulatory and market pressures, the mortgage finance industry…
Working Papers

Refinance and the Accumulation of Home Equity Wealth

Frank Nothaft, Yan Chang • February 10, 2004

BABC 04-10: Spending financed by home equity extraction helps smooth household consumption and bolster the economy in economic downturns, but may reduce wealth…
Working Papers

Past Accomplishments and Future Regulatory Challenges

William Apgar, Mark Duda • March 30, 2002

The U.S. Congress passed the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) in 1977 to encourage depository institutions to meet the credit needs of lower income neighborhoods. The CRA was…
Working Papers

The Industrial Structure of Affordable Mortgage Lending

Frank Nothaft, Brian Surette • October 2, 2001

This paper examines trends in prime-market mortgage lending to low- and moderate-income families and to families living in underserved areas, hereafter affordable lending,…
Working Papers

Federally Sponsored Rehabilitation Activity

Mark Duda • July 30, 2001

W01-8: Each year the federal government spends approximately $6 billion to rehabilitate the housing stock, which leverages a similar amount of spending from the private…